Spinal fracture
What is a Spinal fracture?
Spinal Fracture refers to a break or crack in one or more of the vertebrae, the bones that make up the spine. Spinal fractures can range from minor fractures to more severe cases where bone fragments may compress the spinal cord, leading to serious complications.
Mechanism of Injury:
Spinal fractures are typically caused by trauma, such as a fall, car accident, or a sports injury. They can also result from osteoporosis, where weakened bones are more prone to fractures, or from tumors that weaken the vertebrae.
Symptoms
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Severe Back Pain: Sudden, intense pain in the back that may worsen with movement.
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Numbness or Tingling: In the limbs, indicating possible nerve involvement.
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Weakness or Paralysis: Depending on the severity and location of the fracture.
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Loss of Bladder or Bowel Control: In cases where the spinal cord is involved.
Treatment
Immediate Treatment:
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Immobilisation: Stabilise the spine immediately using a backboard and neck brace to prevent further injury.
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Emergency Medical Care: Call for emergency services and transport the patient to the hospital as soon as possible.
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Pain Management: Administer pain relief under medical supervision, often with intravenous medications.
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Clinical Treatment:
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Dry Needling: Used carefully in adjacent muscle areas to reduce tension and pain.
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Ultrasound Therapy: Applied around the fracture site to promote healing and reduce inflammation (avoiding direct application on the fracture itself).
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Massage: Gentle massage on surrounding muscles to reduce tension and improve circulation without affecting the fracture site.
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Hot Stones: Used on areas away from the fracture to relieve muscle stiffness and promote relaxation.
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Cupping: Applied with caution to avoid direct pressure on the spine, focused instead on relieving muscle tension around the injury.
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Reassessment: Continuous monitoring of pain levels, mobility, and healing progress.
Rehabilitation Plan:
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Early Rehabilitation: Focused on maintaining mobility and preventing muscle atrophy with gentle exercises.
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Strengthening Exercises: As healing progresses, strengthening exercises for the core and back muscles to support the spine.
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Postural Training: To prevent future injuries and reduce stress on the spine.
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Gradual Return to Activity: Slowly reintroducing physical activities, ensuring proper technique and body mechanics.