Shin splints

What is a Shin Splints?

Shin Splints refer to pain along the inner edge of the shinbone (tibia) caused by inflammation of the muscles, tendons, and bone tissue around the tibia. Medically known as medial tibial stress syndrome, this condition is common among runners, dancers, and athletes who engage in activities involving repetitive impact on the legs.

Mechanism of Injury:

Shin splints are caused by repetitive stress on the shinbone and the connective tissues that attach muscles to the bone. This stress can result from:

Overuse: Excessive running, especially on hard surfaces, or rapidly increasing the intensity or duration of exercise.
Improper Footwear: Wearing worn-out or inappropriate shoes that don't provide adequate support.
Flat Feet or Overpronation: These conditions can increase stress on the shinbone during physical activity.
Poor Running Mechanics: Running with improper form can increase strain on the shin and surrounding muscles.
Sudden Changes in Activity Level: Starting a new exercise regimen or suddenly increasing workout intensity can contribute to the development of shin splints.

Symptoms

Dull, Aching Pain: Pain along the inner part of the shin, typically felt during or after physical activity. It may start as mild discomfort and gradually intensify with continued activity.
Tenderness and Swelling: The affected area of the shin may be tender to touch and, in some cases, slightly swollen.
Pain During Exercise: The pain usually worsens during activities like running or jumping and may decrease with rest, but can persist afterward.
Stiffness: The shin may feel stiff or tight, particularly in the morning or after periods of inactivity.

Treatment

Clinical Treatment:

Assessment: A thorough examination to evaluate the severity of the condition and to rule out stress fractures or other underlying issues. Gait analysis may be conducted to identify any biomechanical abnormalities contributing to the condition.
Dry Needling: Targeted at the affected muscles to release tension and reduce pain.
Ultrasound Therapy: Applied to reduce inflammation and promote healing of the muscles and tendons along the shin.
Massage: Focused on the muscles around the shin to alleviate tightness, improve circulation, and reduce muscle tension.
Hot Stones: Used to relax the muscles in the lower leg and relieve discomfort.
Cupping: Applied along the shin to enhance blood flow, reduce muscle tightness, and promote healing.
Rehabilitation Plan: Includes a gradual return to activity with exercises designed to strengthen the muscles around the shin, improve flexibility, and correct any biomechanical issues. Recommendations may include stretching exercises for the calf muscles, strengthening the anterior tibialis muscle, and advice on proper footwear and running technique.