Myofascial Pain Syndrome

What is Myofascial Pain Syndrome?

Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is a chronic pain disorder characterized by the presence of sensitive trigger points in the muscles. These trigger points can cause pain, both locally and referred to other areas of the body. Unlike typical muscle pain, MPS is often persistent and can be linked to specific areas of muscle tightness or knots, known as myofascial trigger points.

Mechanism of Injury:

Myofascial pain syndrome develops when muscle fibers are repeatedly contracted, leading to the formation of tight knots or bands of muscle tissue, known as trigger points. These points can develop due to:

Muscle Overuse: Repetitive motions, such as typing or heavy lifting, can cause muscles to tighten and develop trigger points.
Muscle Injury: Acute injuries, such as strains, can lead to the development of trigger points as the muscle heals.
Stress: Chronic stress can cause muscle tension, leading to the formation of trigger points.
Poor Posture: Sustained poor posture, especially while sitting or standing, can strain certain muscle groups and create trigger points.
Lack of Activity: Prolonged periods of inactivity can cause muscles to become stiff and develop trigger points.
Imbalances: Muscle imbalances, where one muscle group is overused while others are underused, can contribute to MPS.

Symptoms

Trigger Points: Small, tender areas within a muscle that can cause significant pain. Pressure on these points may produce localized pain or referred pain in seemingly unrelated parts of the body.
Muscle Pain: Persistent or aching pain in specific muscle groups, often in the neck, shoulders, back, or hips.
Limited Range of Motion: Stiffness and a reduced ability to move the affected muscles or joints.
Muscle Weakness: Affected muscles may feel weak, though not due to lack of strength but rather due to pain or tightness.
Referred Pain: Pain that seems to be located in a different area than the actual trigger point.
Sleep Disturbances: Pain and discomfort can interfere with sleep, leading to fatigue and exacerbating symptoms.
Headaches: Trigger points in the neck and shoulders can sometimes lead to tension headaches.

Treatment

Physical Therapy:

Stretching Exercises: To improve flexibility and relieve tension in affected muscles.
Strengthening Exercises: To correct muscle imbalances and strengthen surrounding muscle groups, reducing strain on affected areas.
Trigger Point Release: Techniques such as deep tissue massage or myofascial release to directly target and relax trigger points.

In-Clinic Treatments:

Dry Needling: Involves inserting thin needles directly into trigger points to release tension and alleviate pain.
Ultrasound Therapy: Uses sound waves to increase blood flow and reduce muscle stiffness and pain.
Massage Therapy: Focused on relieving muscle tension and breaking up trigger points to reduce pain.
Hot Stone Therapy: Applies soothing heat to relax muscles and improve circulation.
Cupping Therapy: Uses suction to increase blood flow and loosen tight muscle tissues.
Rehabilitation Plan: Includes a combination of exercises, therapy sessions, and lifestyle changes to prevent recurrence and manage symptoms.