Fractures
What is a Fracture?
Leg Fractures involve a break in one or more of the bones in the leg, typically the femur (thighbone), tibia (shinbone), or fibula (smaller bone alongside the tibia). These fractures can result from trauma, falls, or high-impact activities and vary in severity from simple cracks to complex breaks.
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Mechanism of Injury:
Leg fractures commonly result from direct trauma or high-impact events such as:
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Falls: Falling from a height or slipping can cause fractures, particularly in the elderly or those with osteoporosis.
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Motor Vehicle Accidents: High-speed impacts often result in severe fractures, sometimes involving multiple bones.
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Sports Injuries: High-contact sports or activities with a risk of falls, like skiing or football, can lead to fractures.
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Twisting Injuries: Sudden twisting motions, especially under load, can cause spiral fractures in the leg bones.
Symptoms
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Severe Pain: Intense, immediate pain at the site of the fracture, which may worsen with movement or pressure.
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Swelling and Bruising: Rapid swelling and bruising around the affected area, often accompanied by visible deformity.
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Inability to Bear Weight: Difficulty or inability to stand or walk on the injured leg, depending on the severity of the fracture.
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Visible Deformity: In some cases, the leg may appear bent, twisted, or shortened, indicating a displaced fracture.
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Numbness or Tingling: If nerves are affected, there may be a sensation of numbness, tingling, or even loss of feeling in the leg or foot.
Treatment
Pre-Hospital Treatment:
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Immobilisation: Keep the leg as still as possible. Immobilise the leg using a splint or any available material to prevent further damage.
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Avoid Weight-Bearing: Do not attempt to walk or put weight on the injured leg.
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Ice: Apply ice to the area for 15-20 minutes to reduce swelling, but avoid placing it directly on the skin.
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Elevation: Elevate the leg above heart level if possible, to help reduce swelling.
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Seek Immediate Medical Attention: Contact emergency services or get to a hospital promptly, as leg fractures often require urgent treatment.
Clinical Treatment:​
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Rehabilitation Plan: After the initial healing period, a tailored exercise program focusing on regaining strength, mobility, and balance will be implemented.
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