Sprain's and Strain's
What is a sprain or a strain?
1. Sprain:
- Definition: A sprain occurs when there is damage to a ligament, which is a tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bones to each other and stabilises joints.
- Mechanism of Injury: Sprains typically result from a sudden twist, impact, or force that forces a joint to move beyond its normal range of motion. This excessive stretching or tearing can damage the ligament, leading to a sprain.
2. Strain:
- Definition: A strain involves damage to a muscle or tendon, which connects muscle to bone.
- Mechanism of Injury: Strains usually occur when a muscle is stretched beyond its limits or subjected to sudden and excessive contraction. This can happen, sudden movements, overuse of muscles or impact trauma.
In summary, the key difference lies in the structures affected: ligaments for sprains and muscles or tendons for strains. The mechanisms of injury also vary, with sprains often resulting from joint trauma and strains from muscle or tendon overextension or contraction. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Grade 1 (Mild): This is a minor injury where the muscles or ligaments are stretched but not torn. It may cause localised pain, stiffness, and mild swelling. Recovery is usually quicker for Grade 1 strains and sprains.
Grade 2 (Moderate): In this case, there is partial tearing of the muscles or ligaments. Symptoms are more pronounced, including increased pain, swelling, and reduced range of motion. Healing time is typically longer, and medical attention may be necessary.Grade 3 (Severe): This is a more severe injury involving a complete tear of the affected muscles or ligaments. It can result in intense pain, significant swelling, and substantial loss of function.
Grade 3 strains and sprains often require prompt medical intervention and may involve a more extended recovery period and surgery.
Symptoms
Symptoms will vary depending on the severity of the injury but you may suffer from:
1. Neck Pain:
- Persistent or acute discomfort in the neck.
2. Stiffness:
- Difficulty moving the neck, especially when trying to turn or tilt.
3. Muscle Spasms:
- Involuntary contractions of neck muscles.
4. Headaches:
- Pain or discomfort radiating to the head.
5. Tenderness:
- Sensitivity or soreness in the neck area.
6. Difficulty Moving:
- Limited range of motion in the neck.
7. Numbness or Tingling:
- Unpleasant sensations in the arms or hands.
8. Swelling:
- Inflammation in the affected area.
9. Fatigue:
- Tiredness or weakness in the neck muscles.
10. Pain Radiating to Shoulders or Upper Back:
- Discomfort extending beyond the neck region.
11. Difficulty Sleeping:
- Pain may interfere with a good night's sleep.
12. Pain Aggravated by Specific Movements:
- Certain activities or positions may worsen the pain.
Treatment
Depending on the severity of the strain or sprain and the phase of recovery, the course of treatment will be determined. It is recommended that the patient book the Hercules Injury Package, which includes:
- Assessment of Range of Motion (ROM), strength, posture, and pain to determine the best course of treatment.
- treatment
-reassessment
-rehabilitation plan
If the assessment indicates that the injury is in its acute stage (initial phase), the treatment protocol will include low-duty-cycle ultrasound therapy, low w/cm² ultrasound, and cryotherapy massage.
If the assessment indicates that the injury is in the subacute or chronic stages, the treatment will involve MET (Muscle Energy Technique), STR (Soft Tissue Release), massage, and hot stones to address tension and increase range of motion. We would also use ultrasound therapy, IASTM (Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization), and DTF (Deep Transverse Friction) for scar tissue mobilization. A rehabilitation program with exercises will be provided to maintain muscle flexibility and resistance band exercises to address any weaknesses and instability.